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L’archipel japonais importe actuellement 80 % de son énergie. Pour diversifier les ressources énergétiques du pays, l’entreprise Challenergy cherche à exploiter l’énergie des typhons. En effet, de nouvelles éoliennes pourraient partiellement récupérer l’énergie produite par ces phénomènes météorologiques.

En 2016, six typhons ou ouragans ont été recensés sur le territoire japonais. Or, ces phénomènes météorologiques, appelés également cyclones tropicaux, contiendraient assez d’énergie pour alimenter le Japon durant 50 ans. C’est pourquoi l’entreprise Challenergy a décidé d’installer un modèle expérimental d’éolienne à Okinawa, afin d’en capter une partie.

Pour comprendre son fonctionnement, le site Futura Planète explique que les pales des éoliennes traditionnelles sont remplacées par des « cylindres mis en rotation et sur lesquels l’air en mouvement engendre une force latérale par effet Magnus ». Concrètement, trois cylindres tournent autour d’un axe vertical rendant la machine « omnidirectionnelle » ; c’est à dire que « l’engin n’a pas besoin d’être orienté dans le sens du vent ».

Lire aussi : Des panneaux solaires plus efficaces grâce à l’art japonais du Kirigami ?

Evidemment, la nouvelle éolienne ne pourra pas capter la totalité de l’énergie produite par les typhons. Challenergy avance un rendement de 30 % sans toutefois donner de précisions sur la méthode de calcul. Aussi l’énergéticien japonais doit-il patienter… qu’un ouragan passe sur le prototype afin de mesurer la puissance réelle de l’appareil.

Imaginée par l’ingénieur Atsushi Shimizu et son équipe, l’éolienne a, en attendant, déjà été testée avec succès en laboratoire. La turbine révolutionnaire pourrait être opérationnelle dès 2020, soit juste à temps pour les Jeux Olympiques de Tokyo.

Crédit Photo : @Bloomberg